Chapter 25: Lifelong Learning (part 2)

 

          I actively avoided taking any math or English classes during my first two semesters, but I couldn’t put them off much longer. I finally felt brave enough to register for Math 990 during Summer semester 2016. This was an expensive four credit class (which was required, since I hadn’t taken any math classes since 1989 in high school). However, it was only a prerequisite and didn’t count toward any degree. So several academic advisors recommended that I take a $45 class called Math Leap instead. I took another “leap of faith” and dropped the math class, but the advisor over Math Leap explained that I could even pay a little less by purchasing a personal copy of the ALEKS program to work on at home. (I volunteered to take notes in Sociology class for a student who had those accommodations and I ended up getting paid $50, which offset the cost!) ALEKS is an acronym for Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces. It’s an online tutoring and assessment program that intuitively focuses on what you need help with the most, while skipping skills you’ve already mastered. I diligently worked through math problems each day for over seven weeks. I was nervous to take the test, but I finally did at the end of June. I scored 36, which placed me in Math 1010, but I didn’t want to settle for the general math class. I decided to continue studying and took the test again on July 5^th. That time, I scored 55, which placed me in Math 1040 (Introduction to Statistics - the math class suggested for Behavioral Science majors). I was so proud of myself for sticking with it and was asked to be in a testimonial video for ALEKS later that semester. 

            Meanwhile, my therapist and psychiatrist recommended that I apply for a grant from a government program called Vocational Rehabilitation. It forced me out of my comfort zone to meet with the counselor there, but I’m grateful I did. No scholarships are available for summer semester and Voc. Rehab. just happened to have a surplus around that same time, so they made a one-time payment of $1,525 to cover the tuition for my other two classes. One of those classes was Introduction to Film and I took it online with our daughter to fulfill our fine arts requirement. We watched several movies together and had to write papers on a few of them, but it ended up being relatively fun. The other class was English 1010 and it was not fun at all. I took it during first block of Summer semester, which meant the schedule was condensed and accelerated. I was required to write five short papers and five long papers in seven weeks. The stress from that caused an MS relapse and I ended up having to wear a knee brace over my jeans for an entire year after that. However, one paper was a review, so that gave my husband and I a chance to revisit the Springville Museum of Art, which is where my bridal pictures were taken back in 1995. I chose to write the final paper on a religious topic and I had several insightful conversations with my teacher about it, so those two experiences made it feel worthwhile.

            I qualified for a $650 waiver from the Women’s Success Center for the Fall 2016 semester. I applied that toward Introduction to Statistics and Contemporary Families (which fulfilled my Global Intercultural requirement ). I volunteered to take notes in Statistics class for another student with those accommodations and received $50 again, so that helped pay for one of the textbooks. Taking notes for someone else required me to pay closer attention than I may have normally, so I probably owe my A- to that, because I didn’t really understand very much of it. In Contemporary Families class, we were divided into groups of five students, who became our family for the semester. I grew close to them during our time together and even invited them to our home for dinner and a hike up the hill behind the cemetery as our final activity. We sat and talked as we watched the sunset, which I really enjoyed. I kept in touch with two of the female students for awhile after that and was grateful for the chance to get to know them better outside of class.

            We decided to build our new home with a functional main level during Fall semester, since my leg still hadn’t recovered from the MS relapse. That meant we would be moving in the middle of Spring 2017 semester, so I decided to take both of my classes online, instead of having the added stress of traveling to and from campus. I qualified for another $650 waiver from the Women’s Success Center and applied that toward my two online classes during Spring semester. One was Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, which is the only upper division class I’ve ever taken. I wanted to ride the momentum from ALEKS and Introduction to Stats, since this would be the last math class I would have to take for my entire degree. The textbook was online and was written by the professor who taught the class. During the first week of class, he offered $100 cash to any student who was good at proofreading. So I told him I would volunteer if no one else did and I started to make some notes for possible corrections as I went along. I assumed someone else was actually doing it, so I didn’t feel pressure, but he told me later that I was the only one. He invited me to his office, so he could pay me, after I took the first test in the testing center. It was really nice to meet him in person, since his videos were very helpful and I knew his voice so well from watching them. It ended up being much more difficult to proofread after chapter eight, partially because of the difficulty of the material and also because we were packing and preparing to move. I told him I could return the $100 bill, but he said I had earned that and more already. I appreciated the way he graciously allowed me out of “the contract.”

            The other online class I took during Spring 2017 semester was Stress Management with a focus on Hardiness. That was the perfect class to provide therapy for the stress I felt while packing, moving, and unpacking during the semester. Since it worked so well the previous year, our daughter and I took Introduction to Meteorology online for Summer 2017 semester. It wasn’t nearly as fun as the film class, but I have always loved looking at the different types of clouds as I’ve walked. So learning about each type and being able to name them when I saw them in the sky made it worthwhile for me. Our daughter didn’t like anything about the class, but at least it met the requirement for one of our two physical science classes.  

            Unexpected changed occurred during Fall semester 2017. I registered for Positive Psychology (which was taught by my previous Intro. to Sociology teacher) and Interpersonal Relationship Skills. I was feeling discouraged going into the semester, so I felt like these classes were perfectly timed. In Positive Psychology, we learned about positive affirmations and our first assignment was to write five affirmations on index cards. Since I was feeling so discouraged, I decided to make four extra sets of them and used a black marker so they would stand out. I focused specifically on areas where I wanted to improve. The first set included: I am enough, I am capable, I make a difference in my family, I assume the best, I forgive myself and others. The second set included: I am resilient, I am brave, I am calm and confident, I am stronger because of every “failure” or mistake, I focus on “small or something.” The third set included: I have good ideas, I make good decisions, I have my own opinions, I am a successful student, I know and respect my limits. The fourth set included: I am grateful, I stay in the present, I look for the everyday miracles surrounding me, I have eternal perspective, I am making progress. The fifth set included: I am anchored by faith, hope, and love; I am saved through Christ’s grace, I have faith that God keeps his promises, I walk to show God that I love my legs; I triumph daily over depression, anxiety, and MS.  

            I also made cards with other motivational quotes and thoughts on them. They included: “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me” (Philippians 4:13), “We are all just walking each other home” (Ram Dass), “Let go and let God,” God works through me to bless others, “Things will work out” (Gordon B. Hinckley), and “Gratitude is a magnet for miracles.” In addition, I made a card with three common thinking errors that I easily fall into. It read, Avoid “all or nothing” / “always or never” / “should.” Our second assignment was to listen to a YouTube recording of  “The Strangest Secret in the World” by Earl Nightingale. This is a summary of the recording, “Success is really nothing more than the progressive realization of a worthy ideal. This means that any person who knows what they are doing and where they are going is a success. Any person with a goal towards which they are working is a successful person.” I also simplified it and made three more index cards: “Success is the progressive realization of a worth ideal;” We become what we think about; Believe and succeed. I carried all 35 of these index cards in a Ziploc bag inside my binder. I took them out and read through them three times each day. My goal was very general. I just wanted to live a more balanced life – by focusing on emotional, physical, spiritual, and social health. So I began our third assignment, which was a 30-day challenge, with that goal in mind. We weren't supposed to plan how it would happen. We were just supposed to put all our faith and emotional energy into living positively and the way to achieve our goal would be opened to us.

            I sent the following email to my teacher on Saturday evening, which was September 2, 2017 (just a week into this process.) “You know how I'm putting all my positive thoughts into living a balanced life? My husband and I were talking this evening about how we're still having some big obstacles in our marriage. It had never occurred to me that my going to college is one of them. But he keeps saying that I ‘go away’ emotionally each semester and the breaks in between aren't long enough to recover the ground we've lost. I have noticed that he's right and I've tried not to, but school is stressful and I can only concentrate on a few things at a time in life before my brain feels like it's going to explode. Well, a definition of insanity is ‘doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results.’ This evening, it hit me all of a sudden that I need to not do school anymore. As soon as I had this thought, I stopped crying and felt total peace. That was the total opposite solution that I thought I would come to! John didn't suggest it and I didn't feel pressured into it. It just suddenly became crystal clear to me. My scholarship appeal was approved yesterday, so it isn't because I'm feeling pressured or overwhelmed. In fact, I couldn't be in a better mindset to succeed. So I think I have now found my answer that will lead to a balanced life. I have the materials we were going to study this semester and I plan to continue keeping the gratitude journal and reviewing my affirmation cards. However, many people have encouraged me to write a book about my experiences of the past six years and I kept saying that I would when I finish with college – in five years. But I think this is the time. I really want to drop my two classes now, but I'm going to sleep on it. I don't want to make a mistake, but I really feel like this is the path I should take. So let me know what you think. However, if I still feel strongly about it tomorrow, I think I'm just going to act, since the drop deadline is Tuesday. If this is my answer, then you can consider this my preview essay for the 30-day challenge. Wow! I had no idea it would really work! And I'm only a week into the challenge!”

            My teacher supported me in my decision and I met her on Tuesday to talk more about it on campus. I also met with my academic advisor, who had then become a good friend. She helped me fill out the paper work to withdraw completely from school. Then I went around and thanked a few of my teachers in the family studies department before heading home. When I arrived home, I started to panic a little bit because now the pressure was on to improve my marriage and write the book. I remembered that my friend saw a therapist with her husband, so I looked up the website. I called to explain our situation and they recommended a therapist. When I saw her picture on the website, I knew she was the right one. I ended up meeting with her five times on my own and five additional times with John. We were making good progress when she told me her husband had joined the military and they would be moving to Las Vegas. I decided to stop seeing her professionally and asked if I could meet her a couple more times in a casual setting before they moved. She talked with her supervisor and made the exception. So we met once at Café Rio. Then she met me two other times with her two little boys, once at the park and once at Chick-fil-A, so they could play while we talked. I’m grateful for the progress John and I made during those three months of therapy.

            During that time, I also tried to start writing this book. However, I could never decide how to organize it and moving forward with the writing just felt too overwhelming. So I decided to just try to write it as a personal history, but that ended up becoming family history in January 2018 – which became a whole other part of my journey. (I write about that in chapter 32.) Meanwhile, I also discovered a couple of life coaches online. Brooke Castillo started The Life Coach School and Jody Moore was trained by her. Jody is also a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and coaches with those values. I listened to several free webinars, poured through information on their websites, and took copious notes. I even thought I might want to become a life coach, but then I felt prompted to return to college and finish my associate degree instead. It felt ridiculous to head in that direction again, but I know better than to second-guess those strong promptings.

            I registered for Summer 2018 semester at UVU and took Introduction to Geology, which fulfilled my second and final physical science requirement. My classroom was in the Pope Science building right next to the opening where the large pendulum swings. There are also several cases filled with different types of rocks in that area of the building, which were fascinating to look at before and after class. I volunteered to take notes for another student who had those accommodations, so that helped me to focus much more closely than I probably would have otherwise (and I earned another $50, which helped pay for my textbook). The teacher had some conflicts toward the end of the semester, so we were given the option to write a final paper or study the slides for the last few chapters on our own and take the final exam in the testing center. I opted for the latter. By that time, I learned how to take notes from the slides in a way that was helpful for my brain to remember them.

            The last chapter was on evolution and it was a little unsettling to me. So I read a lot of extra information and decided that I fall into the camp of “evolutionary creationism,” which means I believe God uses a type of evolution within His creation process. To me, that is basically a loose definition of eternal progression, which I write about in the final chapter of this book. I also realized that I lean more toward Christian universalism in my spiritual beliefs, while still staying true to my core beliefs as a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. I believe “everyone wins” in God’s plan because we all basically decide where we will end up in eternity and how comfortable we will be there by our choices and actions in this life. That strengthened my belief in the importance of agency, along with the reality of God’s unconditional love, mercy, and grace.

            During the Fall 2018 semester I took Nutrition through the Lifecycle (to fulfill my Biology requirement) and Introduction to Social Work. That was the first year of teaching for my nutrition teacher and I really enjoyed her casual and helpful approach. I sat by a female student in both classes that I became friends with and I met them outside of class several times to study for tests. That made the semester much more enjoyable. I also became friends with a recovered heroin user in my social work class. She returned to college after having a baby and cleaning up her life. I was impressed with her authenticity, her dedication to making good choices, and her courage in achieving her goals.

            We were each required to participate in 20 service hours outside of social work class, which was the most difficult part of the semester for me. I decided to volunteer with the English conversation club. So I met a Chinese woman several times on campus and once at her home to help her practice speaking English. I enjoyed getting to know her in the process. I also joined a Spanish woman in her English class a few times to help her with the vocabulary, exercises, and activities in her workbook. She knew very little English, but it was fun trying to figure out how to communicate with body language and also a little help from Google Translate. I still needed several more volunteer hours, so I contacted a woman in our previous ward who taught fourth grade at Westmore Elementary. She agreed to let me help two boys who needed additional practice with math and reading skills. I took them out in the hall and tutored them there. I became extra close with one of the boys and she asked me to focus all my attention on him during the last few visits. An interesting side note is that I attended Westmore Elementary for first, second, and third grade between 1978 and 1981. It was a very old building then and has since been remodeled. I’m grateful for the chance I had to try to make a difference in the lives of those two women and that boy.

            I was really nervous about taking Ethics and Values, so I took that class by itself during Spring 2019 semester. I had previously dropped that class within the first week during several other semesters because I just didn’t feel good about the teacher or syllabus. So I knew I needed to make it work this time. This teacher was head of the Philosophy department and Director of the Center for Ethics at the university, so he treated it like an upper division class. That made it easier in a way, but also more stressful in other ways. The only assignments during the entire semester were a midterm exam, a research paper, a group debate, and a final exam (which ended up being several essay answers submitted from home). Ever since I was a teenager, I have appreciated this quote by Plato, “When men speak ill of thee, live so that nobody will believe them.” I was grateful to learn about Socrates and Plato because I knew very little about them before taking the class. In fact, I chose to write my research paper about them. I decided to compare and contrast Socrates and Plato with Jesus and Paul. It was an extremely broad, but very fascinating topic for me. I was paired with a difficult student for the group debate, but the preparation taught me a lot about patience. I also learned how to prepare a power point presentation for the first time and presenting in front of the class helped me face some of my fears. I learned to look at ideas from different perspectives as I listened to the professor’s lectures, participated in the class discussions, and attended campus events on religion and sexual orientation for extra credit. I also appreciated talking with the professor occasionally after class.

            I decided to take my remaining three classes at the Institute of Religion to earn my diploma over the summer. So my last semester at UVU occurred during Fall 2019. Because I was only able to transfer 7.66 credits from my previous college experiences in 1990 and 1992, I was required to take an extra one credit class in order to meet the minimum requirement of 60 credits for an associate degree. If I wanted an associate degree in Behavioral Science, I would need to take Social/Cultural Anthropology, which was a three credit class and is another one I had dropped several times during the first week in previous semesters. My other option was an online Library Research class, which was one credit. Neither felt like good options, but I chose Library Research and downgraded my associate degree to a basic University Studies degree. The other class I had been putting off was English 2010. So I finally took the darn intermediate writing class. The two main assignments were a personal dilemma paper and a research paper with annotated bibliography. So my online Library Research class ended up being the perfect class to take with it, since the main assignment was an annotated bibliography. I decided to write my paper on how to ease the pressure of perfectionism in women. So I worked on half of the annotated bibliography for that topic in Library Research and finished the requirements for that class about a month early. During that time, I wrote and submitted both drafts of the personal dilemma paper in English. That left the rest of the semester to focus on finishing the annotated bibliography and writing the research paper. I had a couple of mini-nervous breakdowns, but ended up with a paper I was proud of. I appreciated my professor’s kindness and helpful feedback during the entire writing process. She was the exact teacher I needed for that class. We had different views about religion, but she was very respectful and I learned a lot from her.  I turned in the final paper a couple weeks before the semester was over and her only feedback was that I should put it up on a blog so others could read it. I eventually followed that counsel and it has been the perfect accountability tool for finally writing this book. I ended up with 60.66 credits and an associate degree – with high honors. I believe each class and each teacher taught me valuable life lessons and I will always be grateful for the entire experience.

Perfectionism: conclusion

            Two related key methods for easing the pressure of perfectionism are not judging oneself against impossible standards and not trying to do things in order to impress others. Devlin advised, “Become free as you stop holding yourself to insanely high standards . . . Instead of people feeling that they are on display and trying to achieve an unobtainable ideal, it is time for women to be who they really are” (Wasatch Family Therapy). Petra Kolber gave some advice about physical fitness that provided a good example of this. “If what you do personally . . . brings you joy, don’t change a thing. But if your diet is so restrictive, if your workouts are so intense, that every moment you are worrying” about your appearance, then you are missing the point (Halvorson 37). “If you ease up a little bit, you will . . . experience more joy because you will be able to connect on a deeper level” with other people “who struggle—because we connect through our cracks” (37).

            Two other key methods for easing the pressure of perfectionism are practicing courage by leaning into the discomfort of being imperfect and not taking oneself so seriously by learning to laugh more. In the introduction of her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, Dr. Brené Brown encouraged women to “wake up in the morning and think, No matter what gets done and how much is left undone, I am enough” (1). Also, while “going to bed at night thinking, Yes, I am imperfect and vulnerable and sometimes afraid, but that doesn’t change the truth that I am also brave and worthy of love and belonging’” (1). Dr. Brown explained that shame only works if it’s kept in secret (Devlin) and she described how to shed light on shame: “If you experience the continual thought saying, ‘I can’t believe I could be so stupid,’ talk about it. Call a friend, talk to your spouse, and let others hear what is pestering you inside. This courageous act will provide relief and can often end in laughter” (Devlin).

            In her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, Dr. Brené Brown shared the data which emerged from her research to persuade people to live in a less perfect and more wholehearted way (129). Each guidepost discussed an attribute to cultivate and characteristics to let go. Several of them provided a good summary of how to ease the pressure of perfectionism. Cultivating self-compassion and authenticity helps a person let go of perfectionism and worrying about what people think (49, 55). Cultivating creativity and meaningful work helps a person let go of comparison, self-doubt, and “supposed to” (93, 111). Cultivating laughter helps a person let go of  “being cool” and “always in control” (117).

            Finally, one of the most powerful keys to easing the pressure of perfectionism is learning to overcome the fear of failure by just being willing to try new things without harsh self-judgement. In her speech, Professor Cassy Budd, explained that her experiences gave her:

. . . a deep appreciation for the value of the “try.” Simply showing up and starting where you are is all that can be asked of you. Regardless of your level of experience, your failures, or your perception of your own potential, wherever you are in life, you just need to show up and try. Try . . . to ignore the negative self-talk when your movements do not measure up, and try to focus on the joy in the learning instead of the defeat in the failure. And amidst your “try,” recognize that others around you are in the middle of their own “try.” Celebrate their progress, even when they seem to be farther along than you, and give them a pass when they fall short. (14 Feb. 2017)

            Professor Budd compared making mistakes while playing the piano with making mistakes in life. “When you allow yourself to be paralyzed by your mistakes, you diminish your ability to be useful . . . Making mistakes is simply part of the human condition and can be one of your most productive learning tools. Yes, you need to recognize your mistakes. But more than that, you need to find a way to effectively play through them” (14 Feb. 2017).

            As I mentioned briefly in the introduction, one area where perfectionism has caused me great distress is when I am required to write papers for my classes in school. I usually have a few semi-nervous breakdowns during the process of researching and especially in the first stages of writing. When I was a junior in high school, I failed an entire semester of English because I couldn't ever figure out how to successfully push through that process. I just froze and couldn't function. It's the only failing grade I ever received in school. As I have matured and developed better coping skills in college, I have gradually improved in this area. Because of my perfectionistic tendencies, I have continued to agonize for days and weeks over the papers I’ve been required to write, but there have been fewer breakdowns and I’ve recovered more quickly. I’m grateful to report that the two semi-breakdowns I’ve had while writing this paper have ended in a breakthrough. I chose to apply the methods I’ve learned in my research for this paper to actually ease the pressure I’ve felt as I have written. Because of that, I have been able to finish writing this paper much sooner than expected and with much better mental health.

            As with other personality traits, perfectionism can be either adaptive or maladaptive. Adaptive perfectionists set high goals and strive to reach them in positive and healthy ways. Maladaptive or toxic perfectionists set goals and have expectations of themselves that are much too high, which can lead to self-doubt and self-criticism. There are many ways a person can ease the pressure caused by perfectionism in their lives. These include learning to not compare oneself to others, developing self-compassion, and learning to adjust expectations and goals to a more realistic level. It may take a lifetime of practice to overcome perfectionistic tendencies, but every effort is worth it because progress never requires perfection.

Perfectionism: part 3

            Learning to differentiate between guilt and shame is a really important step in easing the pressure of perfectionism. In his academic journal article, Adams defined guilt as feeling “bad about the behavior they just performed and the behavior only” (69). Whereas, shame “centers on a negative evaluation of the self, not the behavior . . . In addition, shame causes individuals to suppose that others close to them also feel these same levels of anger and disgust toward them” (69). Guilt can include “being overly critical in the self-evaluation of behavior and performance (concern over mistakes) while striving to meet high standards” (65). This can result in “psychological problems . . . Interventions should focus on lowering self-critical thoughts by integrating the religious components of compassion, mercy, and forgiveness” (65). The goal is to help people “alter how they evaluate their mistakes, flaws, and imperfections” (65).

            In her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, Dr. Brené Brown demonstrated how shame and perfectionism play off each other. She defined perfectionism as “a self-destructive and addictive belief system that fuels this primary thought: If I look perfect, live perfectly, and do everything perfectly, I can avoid or minimize the painful feelings of shame” (57). She explained that perfectionism is self-destructive “simply because there is no such thing as perfect. Perfection is an unattainable goal. Additionally, perfectionism is more about perception—we want to be perceived as perfect” (57). However, she states the obvious that “there is no way to control perception, regardless of how much time and energy we spend trying” (57). She explained that perfectionism is addictive because “when we invariably do experience shame . . . we often believe it’s because we weren’t perfect enough. So rather than questioning the faulty logic of perfectionism, we become even more entrenched in our quest to live, look, and do everything just right” (57). She concluded that feeling shame (and the fear of feeling it) is a reality “of the human experience. Perfectionism actually increases the odds that we’ll experience” this painful emotion “and often leads to self-blame: It’s my fault. I’m feeling this way because ‘I’m not good enough’” (57).

In her article, Toni Bernhard explained that perfectionism is a habit that can be changed with practice and she acknowledged that this may be a lifelong journey for people (Psychology Today). She regards herself as “a work-in-progress on the ‘recovering perfectionist’ scale” (Bernhard). A key method for easing the pressure of perfectionism is learning to not compare oneself to others. She explained, “The comparing mindset feeds our perfectionistic tendencies and almost always leads to negative self-judgment” (Bernhard). She added, “Most of us don’t realize that the very people we’re comparing ourselves to are doing the same thing we’re doing – and coming up short in their own eyes” (Bernhard).

Petra Kolber is a famous fitness instructor who learned to transform her drive for perfection into pursuing happiness instead (Halvorson 39). She later developed a program called Perfection Detox to help others do the same (36). She shared some good advice on this topic: “The reason we suffer from insecurity is because we’re comparing our backstory to everybody else’s highlight reel . . . Social media exacerbates this. But we can also change how we look at it” (37). She suggests that it is “possible to see someone’s post and simply think, ‘I’m so happy for them’ without comparing myself to them” (37).

A recent academic journal article discussed how comparison occurs on social media – sometimes without us even knowing it. “Social media-based social comparisons . . . may lead to negative outcomes, particularly as individuals present their most ‘ideal’ selves on social media, therefore inviting upward social comparisons from others” (Sherlock and Wagstaff 483). This can cause unhealthy comparison between reality and the altered reality that is presented. The answer isn’t always to avoid social media altogether, but limiting its use may be helpful – especially if one notices that comparison is causing feelings of inadequacy or inferiority.

This is what I decided to do after our daughter and her boyfriend told us she was pregnant in May of last year. Seeing other women posting about the temple marriages and missionary experiences of their children caused me great distress as I was adjusting to this news. So I completely deleted all of my followers on Facebook and Instagram – and I stopped following all of my contacts as well. As I have become more comfortable with the idea of becoming a grandma over the last few months, I have gradually re-added about twenty contacts on Instagram, but I have continued to avoid Facebook. Therefore, mindfulness, or becoming aware in the present moment of internal thoughts and feelings, is one way to change this habit of comparison which contributes to the negative effects of perfectionism (Bernhard).

            I’ve also noticed that women in this Utah County culture have a tendency to compare their worst traits with the best traits they observe in others. This often occurs at social gatherings or at church meetings and activities. If women burdened by the heavy expectations from perfectionism would be open and honest with their struggles, I believe it would allow others to be open and honest with theirs as well. That kind of vulnerability may help lessen the struggles that accompany perfectionism in women. I have experienced that in my own life. When I began telling close friends that my family members no longer believed and then again when our daughter became pregnant, it allowed them to feel comfortable sharing what was not perfect in their family situations as well.

            In her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, Dr. Brené Brown explained, “Perfectionism is a twenty-ton shield that we lug around thinking it will protect us when, in fact, it’s the thing that’s really preventing us from taking flight . . . Understanding the difference between healthy striving and perfectionism is critical to laying down the shield and picking up your life (55-56). She continued, “To overcome perfectionism, we need to be able to acknowledge our vulnerabilities” and “develop shame resilience” (57). She concluded, “It is in the process of embracing our imperfections that we find our truest gifts: courage, compassion, and connection” (57).       

            Developing self-compassion and being gentle with oneself is another way to ease the pressure of perfectionism. In her article, Jan Devlin gave this advice, “Give yourself the same empathy you’d show to a friend. Be willing to mess up and move on” (Wasatch Family Therapy). Several times in my own therapy sessions over the years, I have been advised to imagine how I would talk with a dear friend who is struggling in the same way I am and practice that type of self-talk. Devlin continued, “If you treated your friends as badly as you sometimes treat yourself, you would not have friends. Acknowledge that you are doing your best and be accepting of your efforts, as well as others” (Wasatch Family Therapy). In her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, Dr. Brené Brown concluded, “To overcome perfectionism, we need to . . . practice self-compassion. When we become more loving and compassionate with ourselves . . . we can embrace our imperfections” (57).

Perfectionism: part 2

            Several academic journal articles also explain that there are three general dimensions of perfectionism. Self-oriented perfectionism occurs when a person requires perfection of self, whereas other-oriented perfectionism occurs when a person requires perfection from others (Haring, et al. 144). Socially prescribed perfectionism occurs when a person feels that others expect perfection of them personally (144). This third type of perfectionist feels that others are strictly judging their performance and will only be satisfied if their personal behavior meets those unrealistic expectations (144). These dimensions of perfectionism negatively affect the relationships these people have with others and are often associated with depression (144). Adjusting unrealistic expectations is a way to limit the stress and ease the pressure which results from the introspective self-blame associated with maladaptive perfectionism (144).

            In addition to those three general dimensions of perfectionism, several academic journal articles discussed five other aspects of perfectionism: extremely high personal standards, concern over mistakes, self-doubt, high parental expectations and criticism, and a strong preference for order and organization (Adams 64). All five of these aspects are at play with the perfectionism in my own life. As the oldest child, my parents had very high expectations of me and I was convinced they would be disappointed with me if those expectations weren’t met. Even as an adult, I still worry at times about disappointing them. I also have high expectations for myself and I work very hard to always do my best and to avoid mistakes in all aspects of my life. This often results in indecision and sometimes procrastination because I know how much effort it actually takes to do my best. 

            In his journal article, Michael D. Adams also explained that “the moral or religious expectations contained within the standards of a particular belief system can function as a measure of the self” (62). He continued:

Religious individuals may equate whether or not they are acceptable to God and significant others within their religious community with their ability to meet the religious standards of their faith community. When individuals fail to live up to these standards, they often experience high levels of shame, guilt, and self-condemnation. In addition, religious individuals may experience higher levels of anxiety and self-criticism based on perceived sins, prophecies of future events, and their worrying about their own salvation or the salvation of others. (62)

            This is a description of religious perfectionism and it is very common among members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Adams 62). As a life-long member of this church, I have struggled on some level with everything in that description, especially while I was serving a full-time proselyting mission. During those eighteen months, I felt like I never measured up to the ideal (or “perfect”) missionary. The mission is also where I met my future husband, which is ironic, since he and our two adult children no longer believe.

            Their unbelief has complicated my struggle because one of the main teachings in the LDS church is that family relationships continue beyond death for eternity (Adams 73). Another closely related teaching is that everyone will be judged for their actions on earth to determine their eternal condition in the afterlife (73). In order to cope with the ongoing dissonance between those teachings and my family members’ unbelief, I have gradually learned to incorporate some of the counsel from the previously mentioned academic journal articles. I have tried to be more flexible in my faith, while adjusting the expectations I have for myself and my family members. I have recently wondered if this unexpected situation has given me a chance to become more clear about what I personally believe (separate from my dad on one extreme and my husband on the other) and to continue to learn how to step away from my perfectionistic tendencies.

            Another academic journal article discussed the way other fundamentalist Christian sects also focus on perfectionism (with its unrealistic expectations), which can lead to dysfunction in individual lives and families (Heise and Steitz 11). The writers suggested focusing on spiritual growth, rather than on spiritual perfection (11). This emphasis is similar to twelve-step programs, rather than structured religion (11). When people equate perfection with living a sinless life, they are misinterpreting the Bible’s meaning and they set themselves up to fail, since all humans make mistakes (12).

            Professor Cassy Budd explored the biblical meaning of perfection in a speech at Brigham Young University. She summarized this explanation by a professor in their linguistics department:

Our understanding of the word perfect has changed over the last 400 years: whereas we use perfect to mean “flawless” today, its Latinate root meant something closer to “finished.” Furthermore, the Hebrew word that was translated as “perfect” in the Bible might have been more accurately translated as “complete.” Perfection, for us, is not about being flawless; it is about being finished. (14 Feb. 2017)

That finishing process is ongoing throughout our lives. During my visits and walks with women over the past six years, we have often discussed how perfectionism is a type of counterfeit to actual perfection. Since perfection isn’t actually attainable in this life, we wonder why so many of us still try so hard to achieve it.

            As I have researched the topic of perfectionism, I have been reminded that most strengths, if taken to an extreme, can become a weakness. If perfectionism harms relationships or disrupts normal life functioning, then that’s the line between adaptive (healthy) and maladaptive or toxic (unhealthy) perfectionism. I have worked with several mental health professionals since I returned from my full-time mission in 1994. Over those twenty-five years, six psychologists, one psychiatrist, and two marriage and family therapists have been helpful in my efforts to overcome the negative effects of perfectionism, which have contributed to the depression and anxiety I’ve experienced for most of my life. Three phrases I learned during therapy sessions have helped most with easing the pressure of perfectionism in my own life. One phrase focuses my attention from “all or nothing” to “small or something.” A second phrase I repeat often is “practice makes progress,” instead of “practice makes perfect.” A third phrase reminds me that each person “needs to work with the brain they have.” In my research, I have discovered several related key methods for easing the pressure of perfectionism in women. I will discuss these in the following post.

P.S. I posted that without any angst this time. Progress!

Self-reflection and Perfectionism: part 1

Posting on this blog has been a stressful and unsettling experience for me. I think that stems from my lack of self-confidence and lack of experience, which stirs up my lingering perfectionism. I'm not sure how to write a "good" blog post and I'm especially not sure how to write a book. 

My husband wonders why I am doing it. For now, it's because several people have encouraged me to write a book and this blog is a baby step in that direction. A second reason is to practice pushing through these unsettling feelings and gain more control over my perfectionistic tendencies. (It may also be that I need to save my emotional energy for being a babysitting grandma in the very near future.)

I took a picture of the cover of a classmate's journal a few months ago and I cropped it down to this statement earlier this morning. With that background, here is the next section of my research paper from English 2010:

            Many academic journal articles explain the differences between adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism. “Adaptive perfectionism is related to setting high goals for oneself” and striving for achievement in a positive way (Steffen 946). People higher in this type of perfectionism “report higher life satisfaction . . . less depression and anxiety, and higher active coping and psychological flexibility” (947). This type of perfectionist also experiences more self-acceptance when they fail to reach their high standards (Alan and Wang 258). In contrast, “Maladaptive perfectionism . . . is related to setting unrealistically high standards and high levels of self-criticism and self-doubt” (Steffen 946). People higher in this type of perfectionism “report lower life satisfaction . . . higher depression and anxiety, and higher avoidant coping and psychological inflexibility” (947). 

            In their academic journal article, Alan and Wang specifically addressed the relatively homogeneous religious culture of Utah County. In addition to adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism, they defined scrupulosity as a type of obsessive-compulsive way people engage in excessive religious behaviors (258). Although perfectionism and scrupulosity are different, there is a potential overlap. Maladaptive perfectionism causes a person to never feel good enough, which can lead to scrupulosity, with an excessive focus on what the person perceives as their sins (258). Their study also suggested this could lead to a pattern of living the religion out of fear, rather than approaching it from faith (258). Learning to be less psychologically rigid and practicing faith with more flexibility can increase overall well-being (258). This can also help to ease the pressure of perfectionism.

            According to Patrick Steffen, adaptive perfectionism is also correlated with intrinsic religious worship, which is accompanied by increased life satisfaction (947). Conversely, maladaptive perfectionism is correlated with extrinsic religious worship, which is accompanied by decreased life satisfaction (947). However, when the negative effects of maladaptive perfectionism are reduced, people find more positive life satisfaction in both intrinsic and extrinsic religious worship (947). To generalize the results of his study, another way to ease the pressure of perfectionism in women is learning to separate intrinsic worth from extrinsic religious worship.

            In 2013, UVU professor Kris Doty-Yells conducted a qualitative research study on perfectionism (Devlin). She described the negative aspects of perfectionism as being toxic. She explained that toxic perfectionists judge themselves by impossible standards to look, do, and be perfect (Devlin). This is a common theme among women in Utah County and specifically in members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It often translates into unrealistic expectations of always having clean and orderly homes, well-behaved children, happy marriages, and lives filled with service in church and community settings (Devlin). This lifestyle of focusing only on success, while avoiding failure, isn’t sustainable and often leads to unhappiness and feelings of inadequacy (Devlin).

            Dr. Brené Brown is a researcher who has written several books on the topics of perfectionism, shame, and vulnerability. In her book, The Gifts of Imperfection, she explained:

Research shows that perfectionism hampers success. In fact, it’s often the path to depression, anxiety . . . and life-paralysis. Life paralysis refers to all of the opportunities we miss because we’re too afraid to put anything out into the world that could be imperfect. It’s also all of the dreams that we don’t follow because of our deep fear of failing, making mistakes, and disappointing others. (56)

She concluded, “It’s terrifying to risk when you’re a perfectionist” because “your self-worth is on the line” (56).

            In his book, Feeling Good, Dr. David D. Burns adds to that description of perfectionism: “You defeat yourself with inappropriate goals and standards. You will settle for nothing short of a magnificent performance in anything you do, so you frequently end up having to settle for just that—nothing” (90). He shared an experience from a female client who “spent her days in bed” and felt she had failed her children because she didn’t intervene in their lives (93). That sounded very much like the three years between 2008 and 2010 when I experienced a paralyzing crisis with depression and anxiety after both of our children were in school. I spent most of that time on my laptop because I couldn’t deal with my life. I now realize that it was probably because I couldn’t live up to the expectations I set for myself as a mother, wife, and LDS church member in this culture of toxic perfectionism. Jan Devlin explained:

Self-evaluation can be a good thing when it helps us to move towards a goal. However, there is a vast difference between, “I need to spend more time with my family” and “I’m a terrible mother.” Excessive self-criticism backfires because it leads us to focus on our so-called failures instead of the simple ways that we could progress. (Wasatch Family Therapy)

            Jody Moore is a very influential life coach who specializes in helping LDS women with their struggles. An episode of her podcast contained a helpful summary of perfectionism. She explained:  

Perfectionism is not the same as doing your very best. It is not the same as striving for more and better. Instead, it is a means by which we deprive ourselves of feelings of satisfaction, fulfillment and pride. Rather than having a realistic gauge of what is good and complete, we fixate on what is missing or wrong and it can impact so many areas of our lives. (29 Jan. 2016)

Graduation and Perfectionism: introduction

I graduated with an associate degree from Utah Valley University this month!

I returned to college when our daughter started attending UVU in Fall 2015. I was able to transfer 7.66 credits from a quarter at Weber State University in Fall 1990 and 3 credits from a semester at Brigham Young University in Fall 1992. I took the rest of the required classes off and on for the past four years. I'm very grateful to finally be finished with this chapter of my life.

The last class I took was English 2010. It was the class I had dreaded and put off during my entire college experience. However, it was the perfect way to end my degree. This was my professor's final comment on my research paper: 

Wendi, this is credible, warm, intelligent and compassionate writing. I’ve made a couple of minimal editing suggestions, but my larger recommendation is this: let it sit for a few weeks, circle back, tweak a bit for another audience and then get this up on your blog, or consider submitting it to a more public venue at some point. People need to read this. It didn’t hurt ME at all to re-ground my thinking this week – I needed your words, and the interpretive wisdom from a writer with very real, very human experience.

That comment is what inspired me to start this blog. I have struggled to know how much to share in a public space about my religious beliefs, family dynamics, and personal experiences. So I thought this was the best place to begin. 

Perfectionism

            I am the oldest of five children and felt pressure to set a good example for my younger siblings. I also felt pressure to succeed in school. The high expectations of my parents, combined with my own high expectations, developed a drive in me to never settle for anything other than an A on my assignments and tests. In addition, I was born into a family that actively participates in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and was baptized into the religion by my dad when I was eight years old. My parents served in many leadership callings at church, which seemed even more prominent where I grew up (in Tallahassee, Florida and Longmont, Colorado). My dad also worked for the Church Education System and, later, became a religion professor at Brigham Young University after I graduated from high school. Because of that combination of circumstances, I felt pressure to live the gospel “perfectly,” along with setting a good example for others who may be watching our family.

            As I grew up, these different threads of my life were woven together into a tapestry of perfectionism. This perfectionism was characterized by the pressure to constantly succeed, which often led to fear of failure, lack of sleep, and health issues. Whenever I wasn’t able to live up to my perfectionistic standards, I felt deeply disappointed in myself. Because life became increasingly complicated as I grew into adulthood, this disappointment often led to times of anxiety and depression. As I married and had children, the pressures from perfectionism permeated my experiences as a wife, mother, and homemaker as well. I have lived in Orem, Utah for the majority of my adult life and I have noticed that many women in Utah County struggle with similar issues of perfectionism. In this paper, I will discuss different aspects of perfectionism and will propose key methods for easing the pressure that accompanies it.